Netiv Hagdud Pit Houses

This site, located in the Jordan Valley, West Bank of present-day Israel, is one of the earliest farming comminities in Southwest Asia (8300 -7400 BCE), was based upon subsistence combining cultivation of wild barley, gathering of wild fruts and nuts, trapping of wildfowl, continued hunting of gazelle and other wild mammals. Ovoid and circular pithouse were the earliest form of houses. Remains of plants and wild fowl indicate that the site was occupied for most of the year, from September through early June. The construction process involved digging the pit, placing limetone foundation and small post braces at frequent intervals against the side of the pit, and then infilling the spaces between the posts with mud and stones.

Elevation is c. 200 m. (656 ft.) below sea level.

Construction: mud brick on stone foundations with clay and it is speculated that clay and reed roofing was placed over wooden support structure. Walls and floors were plastered.

Source of data for CG model:
1.Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Gopher, Avi; Tchernov, Eitan; & Kislev, Mordechsi E; 1991; Netiv Hagdud: An Early Neolithic Village Site in the Jordan Valley, in Journal o Field Archaeology, Vol. 18, Numnrt 4, Winter, 1991, Boston University.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272253985_Netiv_Hagdud_An_Early_Neolithic_Village_Site_in_the_Jordan_Valley.
2. Banning, E. B. 2003; Housing Neolithic Farmers, Near Eastern Archaeology, Mar-Jun 2003; ProQuest.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266393614_Housing_Neolithic_Farmers